Job Satisfaction, Productivity, Absenteeism and Turnover...

Sr. No. | Topic | Page | 1. | Letter of Acknowledgement | 2 | 2. | Topic | 3 | 3. | Background Information and Sources | 5 | 4. | Rational for the study | 7 | 5. | Informational Need | 8 | 6. | Methodology | 9 | 7. | Analysis and Results | 12 | 8. | Conclusions | 22 | 9. | Recommendations | 23 | 10. | Addendum | 24 | Table of Contents Letter of Acknowledgement Institute of Business Management Korangi Creek, Karachi-75190, Pakistan UAN (9221)111-002-004, Fax: (9221) 509-0968 http://www.iobm.edu.pk Dear Reader, Dated: 8th August 2012 It is an honor for us to prepare this report on â€Å"Relation of gender with productivity,†¦show more content†¦(e.g.: Darity and Mason 1998, Anderson 2001, etc). In 1997, a major influence on this research by laid by Clark, who was an economist. He explained the satisfaction gap between male and female employees by stating that both genders have different life goals that ultimately affect their satisfaction levels. In the year 2000, another two economists, Sloane and Williams built up on Clark’s work. They introduced the concept of â€Å"taste† and it explained why women generally showed better satisfaction levels than male employees. A recent research held at Nuffield College, Oxford by Min Zou takes this investigation to the next level. It divides the reason of gender difference in satisfaction into three categories, 1) intrinsic orientation, 2) extrinsic orientation and 3) relational orientation. 2.3 Gender amp; Turnover: Some basic research has simply proved that women had greater rate of turnover than men (Miller and Wheeler 1992, Cravens and Johnson 2000, etc). The reasons given behind this are fewer advancement opportunities for women, lesser pay and greater levels of job dissatisfaction. Donnelly and Quirin (2006) stated that women tend to leave more due to pregnancy and child birth. Tenure also plays an important role when it comes to turnover. Senior workers, male or females usually displayed less rates of turnover. (Trimple 2006) 2.4 Gender amp; Absenteeism: Research states that women are generally more absent due to household care. (Barmby, Ercolani,Show MoreRelatedThe Problem of Childcare Essay1732 Words   |  7 PagesThere are two reasons why businesses should also be concerned and are as follows: * Firstly, problems with child care can adversely affect the job performance of working parents by increasing absenteeism, tardiness, turnover rates and recruiting and training costs. These in turn, can adversely affect productivity and work quality and ultimately the competitiveness of the businesses that employ these workers. * Secondly, in the past such problemsRead MoreThe Effect of the Use of Social Networking Sites in the Workplace on Job Performance18692 Words   |  75 PagesEFFECT OF THE USE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES IN THE WORKPLACE ON JOB PERFORMANCE A Dissertation by MURAD MOQBEL Submitted to Texas AM International University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION May 2012 Concentration: Management Information Systems THE EFFECT OF THE USE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES IN THE WORKPLACE ON JOB PERFORMANCE A Dissertation by MURAD MOQBEL SubmittedRead MoreJob Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction3690 Words   |  15 PagesJOB SATISFACTION AND DISSATISFACTION By Bambang Fahruddin, S.Pd Posted: May 29th, 2008 INTRODUCTION The discussion of job satisfaction and dissatisfaction is largely generated from the theories proposed by Maslow which is known with the so call â€Å"the needs theory† and Herzberg’s theory that is called â€Å"two-factor theory† or â€Å"hygiene theory†. Both job satisfaction and dissatisfaction are assumed critical for the organizations to manage since they absolutely affect the productivity as well as theRead MoreA Study on Job Satisfaction of Faculty Members1622 Words   |  7 PagesA STUDY ON JOB SATISFACTION OF FACULTY MEMBERS IN EDUCATION SECTOR K.R.Sowmya1, Dr.N.Panchanatham2 Abstract Job satisfaction is in regard to ones feelings or state-of-mind regarding the nature of their work. Job satisfaction can be influenced by a variety of factors, eg, the quality of ones relationship with their supervisor, the quality of the physical environment in which they work, degree of fulfillment in their work, etc. Education sector is the most dynamic and developing sector.TheRead MoreOb Testplan Attitudes5920 Words   |  24 PagesChapter 3 Values, Attitudes, and Job Satisfaction MULTIPLE CHOICE Values 1. ____ represent basic convictions that â€Å"a specific mode of conduct or end state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite mode of conduct.† a. Values b. Attitudes c. Convictions d. Preferences (a; Moderate; p. 63) 2. The content attribute states a value is: a. complete. b. important. c. a basic conviction. d. related to behavior. Read MoreResearch-Proposal-on-Causes-of-Employee-Turnover4423 Words   |  18 PagesEMPLOYEE TURNOVER ABSTRACT This proposal is aimed at conducting a study to investigate the causes of employee turnover. Proposed study will use different research articles to develop a model which shows that employee satisfaction, employee motivation and employee involvement has an impact on employee turnover. Introduction to Proposed Research Title CAUSES OF EMPLOYEE TURNOVER: Background of Study Employee turnover is theRead MoreThe Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Absenteeism in a Selected Field Services Section Within an Electricity Utility in the Western Cape31415 Words   |  126 PagesTHE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JOB SATISFACTION AND ABSENTEEISM IN A SELECTED FIELD SERVICES SECTION WITHIN AN ELECTRICITY UTILITY IN THE WESTERN CAPE BEVERLEY ANN JOSIAS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF COMMERCE IN THE FACULTY OF ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WESTERN CAPE NOVEMBER 2005 SUPERVISOR: Mr Karl Heslop 1 ABSTRACT Absenteeism - employees not showing up forRead MoreThe Concept Of Organisational Commitment Essay1622 Words   |  7 Pages firstly, an affective commitment which refers to strong emotional attachment to the organisation and favourable correlations with performance, attendance and organisational citizenship behaviour with respect to organisation relevance as well as stress and work-family conflict outcomes with respect to employee relevance ( John P, at 2001 ). Secondly, Continuance commitment which refers to perceived costs associated with leaving the particular organisation due to various reasons such as the financialRead MoreJob Satisfaction3139 Words   |  13 PagesJob Satisfaction Abstract Employee job satisfaction and retention happens to be an issue to be debated in terms of attaining an increased degree of productivity within the organization. Job satisfaction is best defined as a set of feelings and emotions employees associate with their work. Theoretically, an organization with employees that display actions of substantial absenteeism as well as turnover due to low levels of job satisfaction would generally suffer from greater recruitment and retrainingRead MoreA Study on Employee Job Satisfaction11197 Words   |  45 Pages1 INTRODUCTION Job satisfaction in regards to one’s feeling or state of mind regarding nature of their work. Job can be influenced by variety of factors like quality of one’s relationship with their supervisor, quality of physical environment in which they work, degree of fulfillment in their work, etc. Positive attitude towards job are equivalent to job satisfaction where as negative attitude towards job has been defined variously from time to time. In short job satisfaction is a person’s attitude

Post Graduation Diploma in Early Childhood Education for Migration

Question: Discuss about thePost Graduation Diploma in Early Childhood Education for Migration. Answer: Introduction Several migrants come to Australia in the form of secondary family applicants either to be reunited with their respective families or because of matrimonial reasons. The migration process by various family members has its occurrence across several layers of visa categories. The dependent children as well as partners of the visa holders who engage in the skilled, business, family and humanitarian sectors are permitted to migrate with them as secondary or accompanying migrants (Halliday et al., 2014). Despite the fact that the selection of chief migrants is performed focusing on the areas where they can offer their contribution to Australia, several secondary migrants possess the skills and expertise to improve the economic growth of the nation. However, the direct influence on the ones who are experiencing the process of migration is profound and intense. The fact cannot be denied that children are regarded as excessively vulnerable towards the impact of migration. There must be an in creased level of awareness and acknowledgement of the worth of early childhood development and well as other family members in order to identify and comprehend the major areas of issues and concern raging with the process of migration in Australia. Exploration to the Concept of Migration: Australia has been a nation of immigration since the period of colonization. However, over the past few centuries, the new settlers have experienced severe rate of hostility and aggression originating from the British settlers in order to preserve the country as British as well as white (Adair, 2015). Australia has been largely experiencing large-scale immigration as well as ethnic diversity. However, the domain of social sciences has played a significant role in establishing as well as defining various aspects of the immigration procedure. It further facilitated in enhancing the awareness on public judgment and growth of policy development. The development of population particularly the concept of immigration has been a predominant area of public dispute in the country (Tyrer Fazel, 2014). There are various ways of explaining and evaluating the process of migration. The net overseas migration rate has been regarded as a vital concept to understand the growth of population along wit h its other factors. Global migration has its contribution to the post war development in population. Immigrants who have settled in the country have manipulated patterns of life in Australia along with its economic, social, traditional as well as environmental effects. It must also be noted that several patterns of immigrant settlements have continued to remain a ignored and abandoned factor of the Australian international migration as well as its settlement policy and investigation. Over a million of temporary migrants reside in several parts of Australia at present which incorporates several international students, talented and skilled migrants, New Zealanders as well as refugees on provisional and temporary protection visas (Fozdar Hartley, 2013). However, the influx of excess rate of migrant population as marked a drastic change belonging to the permanent colonizer model that exemplified the Australian migration during the 20th century. This migration has expelled several challenges and areas of co ncern for Australia have to be a democracy dedicated to a system of citizenship-based multiculturalism. Different Consequences of Migration on Children, families and early childhood Language and Communication Australia has always comprised of a unique history, which acted as significant elements such as the indigenous population, a British colonial past along with an influx of immigration people originating from various countries and traditions.This extensive immigration has resulted the country to be one of the most diverse population across the world. Establishing settlements in an unknown country can creates certain levels of complication (Verdon, McLeod Winsler, 2014). In such a case, language can be regarded as one of the significant barriers for children and families who are new to the country. Various forms of difficulties and complexities give rise while communicating in English can further create many challenges for the families who seek to find a new habitat for themselves. However, this kind of language hindrance can further undermine the confidence of the individuals, which make their daily lives difficult and establish social barriers (Goodall, Newman Ward, 2014). Linguisti cs divergence can further create obstacles while communicating with the Early Childhood Education and Care for both the parents and carers. Lack of recognition and understanding of experiences, language and beliefs can lead to increased level of miscommunication and misinterpretation. Effects of trauma Certain aspects of stressful experiences that can further result in additional challenges can impel the process of migration. Factors related to traumatic and distressing experiences can take place through being vulnerable to violence and atrocities. Children and families of the migrants may have experienced high level of fear and threat or have faced any kind of hardships while migrating to Australia (Fozdar Hartley, 2013). A majority section of immigrants has received insensitive treatment during the process of immigration detention while settling in the country. However, such incidents are regarded as excessively stressful and traumatic and have adverse influence on children and the families. Some children face increased rate of fear and stress especially when they are uprooted from familiar environment. Children further experience extreme level of inconvenience while communicating and relying on other people in foreign lands (Newman, Proctor Dudley, 2013). Certain level of pain and resentment can be identified in the characteristics of children when they are being displaced from their known habitat that furthers can be witnessed in the changing behavioural patterns of young adults and children. Children and teenagers gradually show traumatised effects such as tantrums, excess level of emotional reactivity. Issues pertaining Social Cohesion The presence of migrants along with migrant organizations provoke opposition and can be regarded as an area for criticism. Broadly, varied opinions related to the notion of immigration intake along with an ethnically diversified society have been developed in the middle of the 21st century when the observations of the One Nation Party obtained widespread attention from the media (Valtonen, 2016). Another influencing factor for the families migrated to Australia can be the unawareness with the Australian political system along with level of uncertainty related to the ways the migrants will be treated. This has led several migrant families to suppress their views and opinions on subjects related to the policies of Australia that relates to multiculturalism. Factors of Race and Gender in the process of Migration The varying immigration procedures of the country have been rapidly increasing by favouring high expertise employees while preserving a focus on the reunification of families, which has resulted to the vast inflows of women. However, several women migrants are experiencing issues related to migration challenges that have emerged into a less fixed within the domain of gendered roles of wife, mother, homemaker or a daughter (Nguyen, Chang Loh, 2014). The economic development of the nation has traditionally favoured the migration of women from other nations. With the growing significance of female migrants potential input has been related to the economic reorganization as well as a divergence from manual labour (Andersen Collins, 2015). Australia has enhanced the occupational preferences open to women settlers with the help of policies, which encourage highly expertise labour base. Another aspect that has immense contribution to the growth of Australias populace of women colonizers is the attrition of conventional social limitations on the migrant women in their birth countries. The primary exclusion has been responsible for the ones under the family reunification program occurred in 2002, when there was a portion of more than 60% of the 23,000 settlers were women (Newman, Proctor Dudley, 2013). Cases of Vulnerability towards temporary migrants in Australian Aspects of vulnerability to employer lack of compliance can be derived from various sources. In recent times, a vigorous literary work has illustrated the exposed and vulnerable employees with personal attributes and situations like age, expertise and social support (Underhill Rimmer, 2016). The significant influence of varied groups of temporary migrant labour has offered to the concentration in uncertain and precarious work (Piper, 2013). These factors concentrate on the shortcomings of rights and privileges experienced by temporary settled workers in comparison to the Aboriginal communities. Literature Gap: Several literary articles, journals and newspaper have been critically evaluated in order to conduct this research and further understand the background of the issue. However, it is vital to understand here, that this has led to the identification of a literature gap. It has been examined that several literary works have evaluated the concept of migration and its varying effects. Several researchers have concentrated on the way migration has its impact on the lives of the women and the migrant workers. However, these research investigations have been unable to shed light on the factors of related to the mental condition of children who have been uprooted from their birth places and which causes traumatic effects on children and their changing ways of behaviour. None of the research studies failed to identify the situations through which early childhood foundation has been severely affected because of migration. Conclusion The shift that has drifted from family immigration and towards the notion of skilled immigration has been considered as one of the most crucial transformation in the context of Australian immigration policy. Sufficient investigation has been conducted in the domain of migration and the far reaching impact on children, women and young adults. However, it is immensely significant to evaluate the situation as well as formulate strategies to understand the impact of migration on the children, women and families in the Australian context. References Adair, J. K. (2015). The impact of discrimination on the early schooling experiences of children from immigrant families.Migration Policy Institute. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/FCD-Adair.pdf Andersen, M., Collins, P. H. (2015).Race, class, gender: An anthology. Nelson Education. Retrieved from https://www.semesteratsea.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Johnson_SEMS-3500_RaceSexuality3.pdf Fozdar, F., Hartley, L. (2013). Refugee resettlement in Australia: What we know and need to know.Refugee Survey Quarterly,32(3), 23-51. doi.org/10.1093/rsq/hdt009 Goodall, K. T., Newman, L. A., Ward, P. R. (2014). Improving access to health information for older migrants by using grounded theory and social network analysis to understand their information behaviour and digital technology use.European journal of cancer care,23(6), 728-738. DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12241 Halliday, J. A., Palma, C. L., Mellor, D., Green, J., Renzaho, A. M. N. (2014). The relationship between family functioning and child and adolescent overweight and obesity: a systematic review.International journal of obesity,38(4), 480. doi:10.1038/ijo.2013.213 Newman, L., Proctor, N., Dudley, M. (2013). Seeking asylum in Australia: immigration detention, human rights and mental health care.Australasian Psychiatry,21(4), 315-320. https://doi.org/10.1177/1039856213491991 Nguyen, T., Chang, P. P., Loh, J. M. (2014). The psychology of Vietnamese tiger mothers: qualitative insights into the parenting beliefs and practices of Vietnamese-Australian mothers.Journal of Family Studies,20(1), 48-65. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tony_Nguyen10/publication/263380277_The_psychology_of_Vietnamese_tiger_mothers_Qualitative_insights_into_the_parenting_beliefs_and_practices_of_Vietnamese-Australian_mothers/links/0c96053ab1a3a42c6e000000.pdf Piper, N. (2013). International Migration and Gendered Axes of Stratifi cation: Introduction. InNew Perspectives on Gender and Migration(pp. 15-32). Routledge. Retrieved from https://unrisd.org/80256B3C005BCCF9/(httpAuxPages)/475FEA339FAF2596C125778800417FDC/$file/Pipervolint.pdf Tyrer, R. A., Fazel, M. (2014). School and community-based interventions for refugee and asylum seeking children: a systematic review.PloS one,9(2), e89359. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089359 Underhill, E., Rimmer, M. (2016). Layered vulnerability: Temporary migrants in Australian horticulture.Journal of Industrial Relations,58(5), 608-626. DOI: 10.1177/0022185615600510 Valtonen, K. (2016).Social work and migration: Immigrant and refugee settlement and integration. Routledge. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/9781317053354_preview.pdf Verdon, S., McLeod, S., Winsler, A. (2014). Language maintenance and loss in a population study of young Australian children.Early Childhood Research Quarterly,29(2), 168-181. doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2013.12.003

Java Project Essays - Cross-platform Software,

Java Project // Jennifer Farley // Java Term Project import java.awt.*; import java.applet.*; public class scroll extends java.applet.Applet implements Runnable { boolean first = true; int fontsize = 72; String title1=Welcome to JAVA; Thread kicker = null; Image bufferimg; Graphics bufferG; public void init() { setBackground(Color.blue); this.title1 = getParameter(title1); bufferimg = createImage(size().width, size().height); bufferG = bufferimg.getGraphics(); } public void start() { if (kicker == null) { kicker = new Thread(this); kicker.start(); } } public void stop() { if (kicker != null) { kicker.stop(); kicker = null; } } public void run() { while (true) { repaint(); try { Thread.sleep(50); } catch (InterruptedException e) {} } } public void update(Graphics g) { if(first==true) { bufferG.setColor(Color.blue); bufferG.fillRect(0,0,800,101); Psych(); Font font = new Font(TimesRoman,Font.BOLD,fontsize); bufferG.setFont(font); bufferG.setColor(Color.magenta); bufferG.drawString(title1,15,70); bufferG.setColor(Color.green); bufferG.drawString(title1,16,71); bufferG.setColor(Color.blue); bufferG.drawString(title1,17,72); first=false; } bufferG.copyArea(0,100,800,1,0,-100); bufferG.copyArea(0,0,800,100,0,1); g.drawImage(bufferimg,0,0,this); } public void Psych() { Color c; float h=0; for (int x=0; x*=8;x++){ h=0; for (int y=48;y*=0;y--){ c=Color.getHSBColor(h,(float)1.0,(float)1.0); bufferG.setColor(c); h = h + (float)0.02; bufferG.drawRect((x*100)+y,y,(49-y)*2, (49-y)*2); } } } } Bibliography // Jennifer Farley // Java Term Project // HTML document

The Runs Test for Random Sequences

The Runs Test for Random Sequences Given a sequence of data, one question that we may wonder is if the sequence occurred by chance phenomena, or if the data is not random. Randomness is hard to identify, as it is very difficult to simply look at data and determine whether or not it was produced by chance alone. One method that can be used to help determine if a sequence truly occurred by chance is called the runs test. The runs test is a test of significance or hypothesis test. The procedure for this test is based upon a run, or a sequence, of data that have a particular trait. To understand how the runs test works, we must first examine the concept of a run. Sequences of Data We will begin by looking at an example of runs. Consider the following sequence of random digits: 6 2 7 0 0 1 7 3 0 5 0 8 4 6 8 7 0 6 5 5 One way to classify these digits is to split them into two categories, either even (including the digits 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8) or odd (including the digits 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9). We will look at the sequence of random digits and denote the even numbers as E and odd numbers as O: E E O E E O O E O E E E E E O E E O O The runs are easier to see if we rewrite this so that all of the Os are together and all of the Es are together: EE O EE OO E O EEEEE O EE OO We count the number of blocks of even or odd numbers and see that there are a total of ten runs for the data. Four runs have length one, five have length two and one has length five Conditions With any test of significance, it is important to know what conditions are necessary to conduct the test. For the runs test, we will be able to classify each data value from the sample into one of two categories. We will count the total number of runs relative to the number of the number of data values that fall into each category. The test will be a two-sided test. The reason for this is that too few runs mean that there is likely not enough variation and the number of runs that would occur from a random process. Too many runs will result when a process alternates between the categories too frequently to be described by chance. Hypotheses and P-Values Every test of significance has a null and an alternative hypothesis. For the runs test, the null hypothesis is that the sequence is a random sequence. The alternative hypothesis is that the sequence of sample data is not random. Statistical software can calculate the p-value that corresponds to a particular test statistic. There are also tables that give critical numbers at a certain level of significance for the total number of runs. Runs Test Example We will work through the following example to see how the runs test works. Suppose that for an assignment a student is asked to flip a coin 16 times and note the order of heads and tails that showed up. If we end up with this data set: H T H H H T T H T T H T H T H H We may ask if the student actually did his homework, or did he cheat and write down a series of H and T that look random? The runs test can help us. The assumptions are met for the runs test as the data can be classified into two groups, as either a head or a tail. We keep going by counting the number of runs. Regrouping, we see the following: H T HHH TT H TT H T H T HH There are ten runs for our data with seven tails are nine heads. The null hypothesis is that the data is random. The alternative is that it is not random. For a level of significance of alpha equal to 0.05, we see by consulting the proper table that we reject the null hypothesis when the number of runs is either less than 4 or greater than 16. Since there are ten runs in our data, we fail to reject the null hypothesis H0. Normal Approximation The runs test is a useful tool to determine if a sequence is likely to be random or not. For a large data set, it is sometimes possible to use a normal approximation. This normal approximation requires us to use the number of elements in each category and then calculating the mean and standard deviation of the appropriate normal distribution.

Cell Phones

Are cell phones dangerous? Cell phones are a wonderful thing. You can talk. Take pictures. Listen to music. Converse over email or text messaging, and browse the Internet among a handful of other things. I love to use my cell phone and actually use it more then any other phone at the office or at home. However, I use it with immense concern. I have concern about the use of the phone causing health issues, like cancer and brain tumors over time. Are these concerns warranted? I have studied technology and specifically wireless communications as a graduate student at Northwestern University. My professor had advanced scientific wireless knowledge and advised us all to get headsets for our cell phones. So why would someone who works in the field be this concerned to offer this advice? Given that cell phones operate with Radio Frequencies (RF) and thus use a form of electromagnetic energy located on the electromagnetic spectrum between FM radio waves and the waves used in microwave ovens, radars and satellites. How many times have you heard not to stand in front of the microwave since it could cause health issues? The FCC offers recommendations for the appropriate and safe amount of exposure to RF energy. I found these RF Safety FAQ’s to be somewhat helpful in identifying and answering some my exposure questions. According to the FCC, â€Å"the threshold level is a Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) value for the whole body of 4 watts per kilogram (4 W/kg)†. So what does that mean to a normal human being? I will use myself as an example; I weigh 171 pounds which converts to approximately 78 kg. So that means I can absorb 312 watts in my whole body. Still what does that mean in the case of a cell phone? The FCC has also required all wireless phones in the U. S. eet a conservative radiation safety standard of 1. 6 SAR and most do with much to spare. When translated into wattage, wireless phones maximally emit power in the range of 0. 2 to 0. 6 watts. When you compare this to what a walkie-talkies which emit radiation in excess of 10 watts or an AM radio stations, which emit radiation at levels of 50,000 watts or more! However these numbers do not take into account outside factors that come into play when using a cell phone. The amount of RF you are exposed to with the use of a cell phone depends on a number of factors which include: 1. The age of your cell phone (an older analog model would create higher exposure levels than a newer phone). 2. ) The duration and frequency of using your cell phone (this one is scary! ) 3. ) The distance from the base station pushing out the signals. So let’s take a closer look at the three points above. Age of the cell phone is pretty self-explanatory; most people have upgraded from their â€Å"Saved by the Bell† Zach Morris phone to the newer digital style phones with all the bells and whistles so I would not be too concerned. However, if you have not, I would advise you to upgrade as soon as possible. There are a number of deals available that make new phones cost next to nothing. Secondly, the duration and frequency of using your cell phone scares me a little bit. So if my phone emits 0. 2 t0 0. 6 watts of energy, how much is that same amount amplified by placing it directly next to the soft tissue of the brain? Currently, I subscribe to a cellular service package with unlimited night and weekend minutes. I did some checking and I usually use around 900 minutes a month. So this means that my brain is getting zapped with 0. 2 to 0. 6 watts of RF energy on an average of 900 minutes a month. I do not imagine this can be good for the soft tissue of my brain, especially since the FCC does not examine the affects of RF produced by cell phones on the soft tissue of the brain. Third and finally, the distance from the base station you are connected to should be taken into account. This one may be very difficult to measure and quantify. In my specific network with SprintPCS, I rarely go with lack of service, which I assume means I am always fairly close to the next station to make up the web of cell pods that push out the signals. The cellular network is set up in a hexagonal pattern which maps over the entire area you live. As you move from one hexagonal cell to the next you are fairly close to the center of the cell at all times. Though I do not know what scientific evidence I can draw and quantify from this information in relation to health issues. So after examining those three factors, it seems that much like cigarette smoking was accepted and not linked to illness until the appropriate medical and scientific knowledge was gathered to prove otherwise, it is possible that cell phone usage and exposure to RF energy on soft tissue could cause serious health issues (i. . tumors). So in the meantime there are a few options: 1. ) Keep using my phone next to ear in hopes that this is just a scare. 2. ) Take action! Use a headset connected to the headset jack (not a Bluetooth device) to get the handset away from the soft tissue of the brain. Or get a cellphone with a speaker phone to get the handset further way from your skull. Since an inadequate length of time has passed to show evidence that there is no link between tumors and cell phones because right now the studies conducted on cell phones and health concerns have been performed with adequate duration to do otherwise. I am going to have to go with option number two and use a headset for as many of the 900 minutes a month that I currently spend with the handset pressed firmly to my skull while is send waves electromagnetic radiation through the soft tissue of my brain and I would advise you to do the same until more solid research has been concluded. Chatting away on your cell phone because you have great cell phone package with free nights and weekends and loads of minutes may just have gone out of style with the latest study in which links extended cell phone usage to brain tumors. Prior studies just last year found showed no evidence radiation from mobile phones were harmful. I was admittedly skeptical when I read them. The most recent study conducted by the Swedish National Institute for Working Life looked at the mobile phone use of 905 people between the age of 20 and 80 who had been diagnosed with a malignant brain tumor and found a link. The study also shows that the rise in risk is noticeable for tumors on the side of the head where the phone was said to be used After reading the latest findings, I would recommend using a mobile hands free headset if you can. For related reading you might also want to check out a post I made in June 2005 titled, Are cell phones dangerous?

How Can Political Factors Affect Finance In Kuwait Research Paper

How Can Political Factors Affect Finance In Kuwait - Research Paper Example The wave of democracy in this country is based on the decision to control oil companies. This is because over 35 percent of the world’s energy consumption is based oil fuels. It is believed that the pivotal factor affecting democratization in Kuwait is the production of oil. This is because the entire economy of Kuwait revolves around oil and other hydrocarbons investments. In addition, the government provides security and employment of people because of acceptance in the recent political order. However, it is also clear that royal Al-Sabah family has ruled the country with an iron fist without detaching themselves from the society and its people due to their vast wealth. The factors of democratization engage in recreation, an essential responsibility in the society of Kuwait. This means that the stronger these institutional factors are entrenched into Kuwaiti’s society the more democracy is achieved. Due to these democratic elements, Kuwait is the chosen country of res earch on how political factors affect finance in Kuwait. The investigative factors in Kuwait go beyond state model. This is because oil factor in this country together with other extreme generous welfares gives the basic reasons why the current state of Kuwait is not developed into a democracy nation. In this research paper, I will investigate how the political system in Kuwait has affected its finance and economy. Democratization in Kuwait Over the years, Kuwait has achieved a transition from non-democratic to a democratic system. However, in order to achieve full democratization in this country, some degree of liberation must occur in the economy. In addition, political liberation must be achieved in order to have economic growth and development. This means the expansion of public space through recognizing and protecting civil and political liberties. In Kuwait, the line between democratization and liberalization is always vague to an extent of confusion (Thuroczy 2010). Although Kuwait has stable political system with citizens voting for their preferred candidate in free and fair elections, the country faces some limitations on how oil is managed. This is because the government collects no key taxes from other resources and thus relies on income achieved from oil and other foreign investments. The effect of oil in this country is therefore, considered the main cause of lack of economic and political reforms. Additionally, other aspects are overlooked and play a great role in the development of politics in Kuwait (Thuroczy 2010). According to UN’s development index, Kuwait is a highly developed country compared to other countries along the Persian Gulf. Although there is no doubt that oil in this country has increased education and income levels of people in this country, there are massive troubles in the welfare of the state (Thuroczy 2010). In addition, there is no maximum guarantee in the employment of the youths in this country. This indicates tha t oil in this country is the biggest hindrance to the progress of democracy and economic growth. Political Analysis It is worth noting that common stock refers to the stake that a person or a registered company owns in a given organization. Such stake gives such a person or organization the power to make important decisions such as voting in the organization. The difference between common stock and preferred stock is that every stakeholder in case of bankruptcy has to be paid first before the common stock holder receives anything. Politics play a critical role in the success of any given organization. This can be attributed to the fact that all actions of an organization have to adhere to the

Concrete mixing Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Concrete mixing - Lab Report Example e is influenced by the chemical composition of the cement, hydration as well as development of microstructure, admixtures, and characteristics of the aggregate. In addition, the quality is strongly influenced by placement, consolidation, as well as curing. The performance of the concrete throughout its service life is also largely influenced by the method employed in mixing, placing, curing and transporting the concrete. It is also necessary for the civil engineers to perform various quality control tests which should include slump tests, air content tests, as well as strength-gain-with-time tests. It is a well known fact that concretes which are considered as good and those considered as bad may have the same ingredients. The difference between good and bad concretes may come about due to the expertise of the engineer as well as the technicians who handle the concrete during construction. Concrete has been employed in many more applications in the past few decades due to the advances that have been made in concrete technology. It is necessary for civil and construction engineers to be aware of the available alternatives to the conventional concrete, roller-compacted concrete and fiber-reinforced concrete. The weight of air entraining agent should 0.05% of cement. Air is entrained in the concrete by the air-entraining admixtures which contain surface-active agents which are concentrated at the air-water interface. Bubbles are formed readily when the surface tension is lowered, and the bubbles stability remains after being formed. The mixing water foams with the air-entraining admixtures and the formed consequently locked into the paste during the hardening of concrete. The entrapped air voids are not the same as entrained air voids. This is because the air voids are formed by chance when air enters the fresh concrete during mixing whereas the entrained air voids are formed on purpose as described above. The size of the entrapped air voids can be as large as 3 mm